Kungani kukhona ukushoda kwe-chip?

1.Ayini ama-chips ezimoto?Ayini ama-chips ezimoto?

Izingxenye ze-semiconductor zibizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi ama-chips, futhi ama-chips ezimoto ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngokuthi: ama-chips asebenzayo, ama-semiconductors amandla, izinzwa, njll.

Ama-chips asebenzayo, ikakhulukazi amasistimu we-infotainment, amasistimu we-ABS, njll.;

Ama-semiconductors kagesi anesibopho esikhulu sokuguqula amandla okunikezwa kwamandla kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo;

Izinzwa zingabona imisebenzi efana ne-radar yezimoto nokuqapha ingcindezi yamasondo.

2.uhlobo luni lwe-chip olushodayo

Imishini ehlukene iyashoda ngezigaba ezahlukene.Amathuluzi enhloso ejwayelekile abeshoda engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka abekwe eqhulwini ukuze akhiqizwe ngemva kokuqaliswa kabusha kokukhiqiza.Izintengo zizinzile engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, futhi ezinye izisetshenziswa zikagesi namathuluzi akhethekile adinga ukulungiswa kumthamo wokukhiqiza ngaphambi kokuthi anikezwe.I-MCU (iyunithi yokulawula imoto encane) iyinkosi yokushoda futhi ayinikeziwe.Amanye, njengama-substrates e-SoC, amadivaysi kagesi, njll., asesimweni sokushoda kokujikeleza.Kuzwakala kulungile, kodwa empeleni, ukushoda kwamajika kuzoholela kuma-chips ezandleni zezinkampani zezimoto.Ayikwazi ukusethwa.Ikakhulukazi i-MCU namadivayisi kagesi konke kuyizici ezibalulekile.

3.Siyini isizathu sokushoda kwama-chips?

Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021, kwaxoxwa ngenkinga yokushoda okukhulu.Abantu abaningi bathi lezi zizathu zibangelwa amaphuzu amabili: Okokuqala, lolu bhubhane lwehlise amandla okukhiqiza amafekthri amaningi aphesheya kanye nokushoda kakhulu kwempahla;okwesibili, ukukhula kabusha kwemboni yezimoto, kanye nokukhula ngokushesha kwemakethe yezimoto engxenyeni yesibili ka-2020 Ukuthola kabusha kudlule ukubikezela komphakeli.Ngamanye amazwi, lolu bhubhane selukhulise igebe phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo, okubekwe ngaphezulu kokuvalwa okungalindelekile okubangelwa izehlakalo ezihlukahlukene zamadada amnyama, okubangele ukungalingani okukhulu phakathi kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa.

Kodwa-ke, sekudlule isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sonyaka, futhi izizathu zisekhona phambi kwethu, kodwa umthamo wokukhiqiza i-chip awukakwazi ukuqhubeka.Kungani lokhu?Ngaphezu kwalolu bhubhane kanye nesigameko se-black swan, kuphinde kuhlobane nembonini ye-automotive chip.

Isici sokuqala ukuthi amazinga okukhiqiza ama-chip aqine kakhulu.

Ngokuvamile, imboni yokukhiqiza iye yabhekana nezinkinga ngezigaba ezifana nemililo, amanzi namandla kagesi, futhi kulula ukuqalisa kabusha umugqa wokukhiqiza, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip kunezici zako.Okokuqala ukuthi ukuhlanzeka kwendawo kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi umusi nothuli olubangelwa umlilo kuthatha isikhathi eside ukubuyela esimweni sokukhiqiza;okwesibili ukuqaliswa kabusha komugqa wokukhiqiza ama-chip, okunzima kakhulu.Uma umkhiqizi eqalisa kabusha okokusebenza, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuzinza kwemishini kanye nokuhlolwa kokukhiqizwa kweqoqo elincane futhi, okudinga abasebenzi kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, imigqa yokukhiqiza yokukhiqiza ama-chips kanye nokupakisha kanye nezinkampani zokuhlola ngokuvamile zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo futhi zima kuphela ngonyaka (ukulungiswa kabusha), ngakho-ke kuthatha isikhathi esiningi kunezinye izimboni ukululama emonakalweni obangelwe yilubhubhane kanye nesigameko se-black swan ukuze chip. umthamo wokukhiqiza.

Isici sesibili umphumela we-bullwhip wama-chip oda.

Esikhathini esedlule, ama-chip oda akhiwa ama-OEM afuna ama-agent amaningi anama-oda.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala, ama-ejenti nawo azokwandisa inani.Lapho zidluliselwa ezimbonini zama-chip, kakade kwase kunokungalingani okukhulu phakathi kokunikezwa nokufunwa, okwakuvame ukuba ukugcwala ngokweqile.Ubude nobunkimbinkimbi be-supply chain nolwazi olufiphele kwenza abenzi bama-chip besabe ukwandisa umthamo wokukhiqiza ngenxa yokuthi ukunikezwa nokufunwa kujwayele ukungahambelani.

4.Ukuzindla okulethwa ukuntuleka kwama-chips

Eqinisweni, ngemuva kokushoda okuyisisekelo, imboni yezimoto nayo izokwakha okusha okujwayelekile.Isibonelo, ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-OEM nabenzi bama-chip kuzoba okuqondile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhono lezinkampani ezikuchungechunge lwemboni ukulawula ubungozi lizothuthukiswa nakakhulu.Ukuntuleka kwama-cores kuzoqhubeka isikhathi eside.Leli futhi kuyithuba lokuzindla ngochungechunge lwemboni yezimoto.Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izinkinga zidaluliwe, ukuxazulula izinkinga kuba bushelelezi.